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Processing of bearing sleeve

2019-04-17
1. Loading tool
The CKA6150 CNC lathe used for machining bearing sleeves is a six-station automatic tool holder. The tool must be adjusted to the same height as the spindle center line. The length of the shank should be 1.5 to 2 times the thickness of the shank.

The general principle of loading a knife is that tools with similar functions are installed nearby, and process switching and tool replacement should be completed in a short period of time.


2. Mounting the workpiece

CNC lathes generally use three-jaw self-centering chucks. The installation and alignment of the workpieces are basically the same as those of horizontal lathes. For the round bar material to be clamped, it should be placed horizontally in the jaws of the chuck, and after calibration, tighten the wrench of the chuck, and the workpiece clamping is completed immediately.


3. Tool setting
The tool point is the reference point of the tool, and it is also the gaze point when the tool is placed. It is usually a point on the tool.

The tool point is the point used to determine the relative positional relationship between the tool and the workpiece. It is the point that determines the workpiece coordinate system and the machine coordinate system. The tool setting is to place the tool's tool point on the tool point to establish the workpiece coordinate system.


The principle of selection of the knife point:
(1) The selected tool point position should be convenient for mathematical processing and simple programming
(2) easy to find on the machine
(3) Easy inspection during processing
(4) The processing error caused by small
The tool is the main operation and important skill in CNC machining. Under certain conditions, the accuracy of the tool can determine the machining accuracy of the part. At the same time, the efficiency of the tool also directly affects the efficiency of CNC machining.

The tool is generally divided into two categories: manual tool setting and automatic tool setting. At present, most CNC machine tools (especially lathes) use manual tool setting. The basic methods are: positioning tool setting method, optical tool setting method, ATC tool setting method and trial cutting tool setting method.


The tool setting method commonly used in the FANUC numerical control system is a trial cutting tool setting method for setting the tool offset compensation. The steps are as follows:
(1) Test the outer circle with an external turning tool, exit along the +Z axis and keep the X coordinate unchanged. Measure the diameter of the outer circle and record it as d.
(2) Press [OFSET SET" button → enter [shape" compensation parameter setting interface → move the cursor to the position corresponding to the tool position number, input Xd, press [Measure" button, system Automatically calculate the X-direction tool offset
(3) Test the end face of the workpiece with an external turning tool, exit along the +X axis and keep the Z coordinate unchanged.
(4) Press [OFSET SET" button → enter [shape" compensation parameter setting interface → move the cursor to the position corresponding to the tool position number, input Z0, press [Measure" button, the system will automatically calculate Z Direction tool offset. You can also "enter" the offset yourself.
(5) The set tool offset is called with the T code in the NC program.
This method has the advantages of being easy to understand, simple to operate, and programming and tool setting can be completely separated. Therefore, it is most commonly used in tool setting.

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